Research status and development trend of the gener

The generalized connotation, research status and development trend of manufacturing automation

preface

manufacturing automation technology is an important part of advanced manufacturing technology, and it is also a widely involved and actively studied technology in the field of manufacturing engineering

China attaches great importance to the research of manufacturing automation technology, and has done a lot of work in research and application in recent years. For example, the CIMS theme of the National 863 program has specially set up the "manufacturing automation" technology topic, and a certain number of research topics are set every year; The "National Institute of manufacturing automation in Colleges and universities" has been established in Colleges and universities across the country. An academic conference is held every two years, and a lot of research has been done on the theme of manufacturing automation

since the name "manufacturing automation" has not appeared for a long time in China, and its connotation, research status and development trend are in the process of continuous development and dynamic change, this paper discusses the connotation of manufacturing automation, and analyzes and discusses its research status and development trend

generalized connotation of manufacturing automation

as the name suggests, "manufacturing automation" should first be related to "manufacturing"

traditionally, people generally understand "manufacturing" as the mechanical process or machining process of products. For example, the famous Longman dictionary explains "manufacture" as "making or producing (products) by machine, especially for large quantities"

with the development of human productivity, the concept and connotation of "manufacturing" have been greatly expanded in terms of "scope" and "process". In terms of scope, the industrial fields involved in manufacturing are far from limited to machinery manufacturing, including a large number of industries of the national economy, such as machinery, electronics, chemical industry, light industry, food and military industry. Manufacturing industry is defined as the industry that converts available resources (including materials, energy, etc.) into industrial products or consumer goods that can be used and utilized by people through corresponding processes. In terms of process, manufacturing does not only refer to specific process, but also includes the whole life cycle process of products such as market analysis, product design, production process, assembly inspection and sales service. For example, the definition of "manufacturing" given by the international society of production engineering in 1990 is: manufacturing is a process involving manufacturing industry Preparation and utilization of other new materials, such as superconductors and high-efficiency batteries. It is a general term for a series of related activities and work related to technical product design, material selection, production planning, production process, quality assurance, business management, marketing and service

to sum up, there are two understandings of manufacturing at present. One is the general manufacturing concept, which refers to the "manufacturing process" or "small manufacturing concept" of products, such as machining process; The other is the generalized manufacturing concept, which includes the whole product life cycle process, also known as the "big manufacturing concept". In practical application, both of them are used, and the scope of their concept depends on the specific situation

"automation" was proposed by American rder in 1936. At that time, he worked in general motors. He believed that in a production process, the transfer of parts between machines without human handling was "automation". This is essentially the concept of early manufacturing automation

the concept of manufacturing automation in the past year (hereinafter referred to as automation) is a dynamic development process. In the past, people's understanding of automation, or the functional goal of automation, was to automatically complete specific tasks by replacing human operations with mechanical actions. This is essentially the view that automation replaces human physical labor. Later, with the development of electronic and information technology, especially with the emergence and wide application of computers, the concept of automation has been expanded to use machines (including computers) not only to replace human physical labor, but also to replace or assist mental labor, so as to automatically complete specific jobs

today, the above concept of automation is not perfect. It is a narrow understanding to regard the functional goal of automation as replacing human physical or mental labor with machines. This understanding has even hindered the development of automation technology to some extent. For example, some people think that there is no great need to engage in automation because of the large number of Chinese people

today, manufacturing automation has far broken through the above traditional concepts and has a broader and deeper connotation. The broad connotation of manufacturing automation includes at least the following points:

(1) in terms of form, manufacturing automation has three meanings:

. Replace human physical labor

. Replace or assist people's mental work

. Coordination, management, control and optimization of human, machine and the whole system in manufacturing system

(when a 1 plug-in board or device is unplugged, the instrument returns to normal 2) in terms of function, make ldquo; Coal is too crazy ldquo; Unique bifocal rdquo; And other extreme market conditions no longer exist. Manufacturing automation instead of human physical or mental labor is only a part of the functional target system of manufacturing automation. The functional objectives of manufacturing automation are multifaceted and have formed an organic system. This system can be described by the functional objective model as shown in Figure 1. This function target model is called TQCSE model for short, where T represents time, Q represents quality, C represents cost, s represents service, and e represents environment

t in TQCSE model has two meanings: first, it refers to the adoption of automation technology, which can shorten the product manufacturing cycle and speed up the product launch; Second, improve productivity. Q means to adopt automatic system, which can improve and ensure product quality. C means that using automation technology can effectively reduce costs and improve economic benefits. S also has two meanings: one is to use automation technology to better serve the market; The second is to use automation technology to replace or reduce the physical and mental labor of manufacturing personnel and directly serve manufacturing personnel. E means that manufacturing automation should be conducive to making full use of resources, reducing waste and environmental pollution, and realizing green manufacturing

tqcse model also shows that t